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Augmenting apprenticeship: A discussion paper on integrating generative artificial intelligence into postgraduate
Tanisha Jowsey1, Michael Tran2, Lambert Schuwirth3
1MBBS (Hons), BSc (Med) (Hons), DCH, FRACGP, AFHEA, General Practitioner, Erskineville Doctors, Newtown, NSW; Lecturer in General Practice, Discipline of General Practice, School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine @ Health, Sydney, NSW.
Australian Journal of General Practice
|May 7, 2026
Summary
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) can enhance postgraduate general practice training by personalizing feedback and supporting self-directed learning. Careful integration is key to maximizing benefits while mitigating risks like skill decay and bias.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- General Practice Training
Background:
- Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is revolutionizing medical education.
- GenAI presents opportunities to improve learning, autonomy, and knowledge access in general practice training.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify GenAI use cases in postgraduate general practice training.
- Evaluate the learning value and risks associated with GenAI implementation.
- Propose a framework for safe and effective GenAI integration.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on GenAI applications in medical education.
- Analysis of GenAI's pedagogical benefits and potential drawbacks.
- Development of a framework for ethical and effective GenAI use.
Main Results:
- GenAI can simulate dialogue, personalize feedback, and support reflective practice for postgraduate learners.
- Key benefits include promoting higher-order thinking, self-directed learning, and improved access, especially for rural trainees.
- Identified risks encompass epistemic opacity, skill degradation, inherent biases, and potential erosion of humanistic aspects of care.
Conclusions:
- GenAI offers significant learning value in postgraduate general practice training.
- GenAI should complement, not supplant, human mentorship and relational learning.
- A pedagogical and ethical framework is essential for responsible GenAI integration to develop competent and empathetic practitioners.
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