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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Basic Ring Fixator Configurations for the Foot and Ankle Surgeon.

Monica Paschoal Nogueira¹, Daniel Fodor², Rodrigo Mota Pacheco Fernandes³

¹Department of Pediatric and Limb Reconstruction, HSPE State Hospital of São Paulo / IAMSPE-Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo 04029-000, SP, Brazil; NAPOA Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa Ortopédica Avançada, São Paulo, Brazil.

Foot and Ankle Clinics

|May 7, 2026

Summary

Circular external fixators effectively correct foot and ankle deformities. This review outlines common uses and configurations, including hexapod fixators, for safe and precise treatment.

Keywords:

Ankle Configuration Deformity correction External fixation Foot

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomechanical engineering

Background:

Foot and ankle deformities present complex challenges in orthopedic treatment.
Circular external fixators offer versatile solutions for limb reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize indications for circular external fixator use in foot and ankle deformities.
To describe basic configurations, including hexapod fixators, for treatment.
To highlight adherence to Ilizarov's principles and expert recommendations.

Main Methods:

Review of common indications for circular external fixators.
Description of hexapod fixator configurations.
Application of Ilizarov's principles and current expert guidelines.

Main Results:

Circular external fixators are indicated for various foot and ankle deformities.
Hexapod fixators represent an advanced configuration for complex corrections.
Adherence to established principles ensures effective treatment.

Conclusions:

Circular external fixators, including hexapod systems, provide safe and accurate correction for foot and ankle deformities.
Management based on Ilizarov's principles and expert recommendations is crucial for successful outcomes.