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Other Disorders of Digestive System

Other Disorders of Digestive System

The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

Dysphagia, Swallowing Disorders, and Cough.

Zao Mike Yang¹, Mark A Fritz²

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive #7777, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

|May 7, 2026

Summary

Cough and dysphagia are common symptoms with many causes. This review examines their physiological link and relevant conditions like aspiration and eosinophilic esophagitis, noting limited treatment data.

Keywords:

Aspiration Chronic cough Dysphagia Esophageal motility Zenker diverticulum

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology and Pulmonology
Otolaryngology

Background:

Cough and dysphagia are nonspecific symptoms with multifactorial etiologies.
Understanding the physiological interplay between cough and swallowing is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the relationship between cough and dysphagia.
To review the literature on disorders linking cough and swallowing.
To discuss potential treatment options for cough related to swallowing dysfunction.

Main Methods:

Literature review of conditions involving cough and dysphagia.
Examination of the physiology of cough in relation to swallowing.
Synthesis of information on aspiration, cervical diverticula, esophageal motility, eosinophilic esophagitis, and aging.

Main Results:

Cough and dysphagia share common underlying causes and physiological mechanisms.
Specific conditions like aspiration, eosinophilic esophagitis, and age-related changes significantly impact this relationship.
Evidence-based treatment data for cough outcomes in these swallowing disorders is currently limited.

Conclusions:

The link between cough and dysphagia is complex and warrants further investigation.
Targeting underlying swallowing disorders may alleviate cough symptoms.
More research is needed to establish robust treatment guidelines for cough associated with dysphagia.