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Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide
07:13

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Published on: November 29, 2024

Healthy aging, processing speed, and mnemonic brain state engagement.

Hannah R Buras, Subin Han, Nicole M Long

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |May 8, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Older adults struggle with memory tasks, often getting stuck in retrieval mode. Longer processing times may help them switch brain states for better memory encoding and retrieval.

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    Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

    Published on: February 14, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Healthy older adults experience episodic memory and executive function deficits.
    • Reduced engagement of mnemonic brain states is observed in older adults.
    • Executive function deficits may impair task-relevant brain state switching.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how stimulus processing time affects mnemonic brain state engagement in older adults.
    • To determine if extended processing time aids older adults in switching out of task-irrelevant retrieval states.

    Main Methods:

    • Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recorded during explicit encoding and retrieval tasks.
    • Participants included younger and older adults.
    • Variable stimulus durations were employed.
    • Multivariate decoding approaches analyzed brain activity patterns.

    Main Results:

    • Under time constraints, older adults under-recruited task-relevant retrieval states.
    • Older adults over-recruited idiosyncratic retrieval states when task-irrelevant.
    • Brain activity patterns may compensate for difficulties in engaging typical mnemonic states.

    Conclusions:

    • Older adults can engage encoding and retrieval brain states.
    • Sufficient processing time is crucial for older adults to initiate and maintain goal-relevant mnemonic states.
    • Executive function impacts the ability to switch mnemonic brain states efficiently.