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Updated: May 9, 2026

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug
Published on: June 4, 2021
Treatment of acute pulmonary embolism: anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, and thrombectomy compared
Giovanna Manzi1, Roberto Badagliacca1, Silvia Papa1
1Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, AOU Policlininco Umberto I-Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
Acute pulmonary embolism represents a major clinical challenge, characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypic presentations ranging from asymptomatic disease to cardiovascular collapse. Therapeutic management has evolved from a dichotomous paradigm (anticoagulation vs. thrombolysis) to a risk-stratified approach based on early mortality risk and right ventricular function. This article critically reviews current evidence regarding parenteral and oral anticoagulation, systemic thrombolysis, and emerging catheter-directed thrombectomy techniques, in light of the 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines and recent clinical trials.
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