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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Invisible scars, collapsed trust: a mixed-methods inquiry into the cognitive-empathic divide in school bullying and a
Binbin Mao1,2, Jinan Jia3
1College of educational Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia, Tongliao, China.
Introduction:
School bullying remains a persistent global challenge despite extensive policy implementation. This study investigates the Cognitive-Empathic Divide defined as the discrepancy between students' subjective experiences of trauma and the objective, behavior-based frameworks utilized by institutional authorities.
Methods:
Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, including 7,341survey respondents and 25 semi-structured interviews.
Results:
Quantitative results confirmed a Coping Paradox (p <.001) among high-risk groups, indicating high frequency but maladaptive help seeking behaviors. Qualitative inquiry, conducted via reflexive thematic analysis, elucidated a cyclical process of Seek Help-Disappointment-Abandonment driven by institutional invalidation. Furthermore, an empirical analysis of 155 civil judgments provided evidence of institutional risk avoidance cultures that marginalize nonphysical harm.
Discussion:
The findings advocate for a paradigm shift from behavior centric management to trauma informed institutional cultures. A systemic intervention framework is proposed, integrating Social Emotional Learning and Restorative Justice within a Whole School Approach to bridge the cognitive empathic divide and rebuild institutional legitimacy.
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