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Resorbable Suture Is a Suitable Surgical Repair Material in a Rat Achilles Rupture and Repair Model.

Natalie K Gilmore¹, Sophie V Orr², Selena K Lam²

¹Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California.

JB & JS Open Access

|May 8, 2026

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Resorbable suture performs as well as non-resorbable suture for Achilles tendon rupture repair. Healing becomes maladaptive without sufficient load, regardless of suture type.

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) treatments lack sufficient outcomes for full recovery.
Current ATR surgical protocols vary in techniques and materials, including non-resorbable (NR) and resorbable (RES) sutures.
Surgeon preference for NR sutures stems from high tensile strength, while RES sutures are favored for reduced foreign body reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a pre-clinical model for interventional studies on Achilles tendon rupture repair.
To compare the efficacy of non-resorbable (NR) versus resorbable (RES) suture materials in ATR repair.
To evaluate the long-term healing and tissue quality following ATR repair using different suture types.

Main Methods:

Achilles tendon ruptures were surgically induced in Sprague-Dawley rats.

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Tendons were repaired using either NR or RES suture.

Tissues were collected and analyzed at 1 and 2 months post-repair.

Main Results:

No significant differences in mechanical or material properties were observed between NR and RES suture groups.
Repaired tendons showed increased width and thickness, leading to larger cross-sectional areas (CSA) at 1 and 2 months.
While initially stronger than contralateral tendons, repaired tendons exhibited decreased strength from 1 to 2 months despite CSA increases, indicating tissue quality deterioration.

Conclusions:

The healing process following Achilles tendon rupture repair becomes maladaptive without mechanical loading exceeding body weight, irrespective of suture material.
Resorbable suture demonstrates comparable physiological performance to non-resorbable suture in ATR repair.
Resorbable suture is indicated as the preferable material for Achilles tendon rupture repair based on pre-clinical evidence.