Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Growth Patterns in MPS IVA and MPS IIIA: A Longitudinal Single-Center Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Lifestyle-Induced Visceral Fat Loss as a Key Target for Durable Cardiometabolic Health: MRI-Assessed 5- and 10-Year Follow-Up After 2 Clinical Trials.

Circulation·2026
Same author

A Novel Variant in an Israeli Bedouin Family: The First Reported Cases of Carbonic Anhydrase VA (CA5A) Deficiency in Israel.

Genes·2026
Same author

A Simplified Method for Assessing Bone Age in Adolescents.

Clinical endocrinology·2026
Same author

Close access to health care as a bridge overcoming disparities in thyroid cancer.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

Diagnosis of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children: Comparative Performance of Arginine Versus Glucagon as the First Stimulation Test.

Clinical endocrinology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions
05:41

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions

Published on: February 9, 2024

COVID-19 pandemic and thyroid diseases.

Majd Irsheid1,2, Nitzan Burrack1,3, Merav Fraenkel1,4

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|May 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic increased Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) incidence by 30% and decreased Subacute Thyroiditis (SAT) by 54%. These findings reveal the pandemic's varied effects on thyroid diseases (TDs).

Keywords:
COVID-19Graves’ diseaseHashimoto’s thyroiditisSARS-CoV-2subacute thyroiditisthyroid diseases

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions
05:41

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions

Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic is linked to autoimmune conditions, with emerging but inconclusive evidence on its association with thyroid diseases (TDs).
  • Existing studies on COVID-19 and TDs are often small, limiting population-level insights into specific thyroid conditions.
  • There is a need for comprehensive data to understand how the pandemic differentially affected various thyroid disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence trends of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT), Graves' Disease (GD), and Subacute Thyroiditis (SAT) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To compare these incidence patterns with the pre-pandemic period using population-level data.
  • To assess the pandemic's specific impact on different types of thyroid diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Israel, analyzing data from January 2018 to December 2022.
  • Interrupted time series analysis was employed to compare monthly incidence rates of TDs before (Jan 2018-Feb 2020) and during (Mar 2020-Dec 2022) the pandemic.
  • Cases were identified using ICD-9 codes, laboratory results, and medication data, with adjustments for seasonal variations.

Main Results:

  • Out of 4,765 incident TD cases, 78.3% were HT, 14.6% GD, and 7.1% SAT, with a female predominance (77%).
  • Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) incidence significantly increased by 30% during the pandemic (IRR 1.30, p=0.023), starting before vaccination.
  • Subacute Thyroiditis (SAT) incidence significantly decreased by 54% (IRR 0.46, p=0.049), while Graves' Disease (GD) showed a non-significant upward trend (IRR 1.66, p=0.054).

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a significant rise in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) incidence.
  • An unexpected and significant decrease in Subacute Thyroiditis (SAT) incidence was observed during the pandemic.
  • These contrasting effects underscore the heterogeneous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on various thyroid diseases.