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Interfacial dipole-engineered fiber optoelectronic devices with enhanced efficiency and stability
Jae Ho Kim1, Youngjin Kim2, Yonghun Kim2
1Humanoid Olfactory Display Innovation Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
Nano Convergence
|May 8, 2026
Summary
A new [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) enhances organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). This 2PACz material improves device efficiency and stability, outperforming traditional poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) layers.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Organic Electronics
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are crucial for advanced displays and lighting.
- The performance of OLEDs is often limited by the hole injection layer (HIL), with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) showing drawbacks like high work function and acidity.
- Degradation of device performance in OLEDs is a significant challenge that necessitates novel HIL materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) as a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) alternative to PEDOT:PSS for OLEDs.
- To evaluate the impact of the 2PACz SAM on the performance of fiber organic light-emitting diodes (FOLEDs).
- To explore the broader applicability of the 2PACz interfacial engineering strategy in other optoelectronic devices, including fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells (FS-DSSCs) and fiber-shaped gas sensors (FS-GSs).
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of OLEDs utilizing a 2PACz SAM as the HIL.
- Characterization of device performance, including turn-on voltage and external quantum efficiency (EQE).
- Integration of TiO2/2PACz interfaces into FS-DSSCs and FS-GSs for performance evaluation.
Main Results:
- 2PACz-based OLEDs demonstrated lower turn-on voltages and higher EQEs compared to PEDOT:PSS devices.
- Maximum EQEs for green and red FOLEDs improved by 16.9% and 12.9%, respectively.
- Incorporation of TiO2/2PACz in FS-DSSCs increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) by approximately 17% (from 5.67% to 6.53%).
- TiO2/2PACz-based FS-GSs exhibited enhanced gas sensing characteristics, including increased response and sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- The [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) SAM is a highly effective alternative to PEDOT:PSS for enhancing OLED performance.
- The 2PACz interfacial engineering strategy offers multifunctionality and broad applicability across diverse optoelectronic platforms.
- This approach represents a significant advancement in developing stable, efficient, and versatile organic electronic devices.
