Synergistic Dual Electrolyte Additives Enhancing the Interface Stability of Li₃VO₄/C Anodes

The practical deployment of Li₃VO₄ (LVO) anodes has been impeded by their unstable electrode-electrolyte interface and sluggish ion transport. An unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) leads to persistent electrolyte consumption and progressive structural degradation, while slow Li⁺-diffusion kinetics result in poor rate performance. To address these challenges, we designed a synergistic electrolyte system incorporating LiDFP (LiPO₂F₂) as a salt-type additive and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) as a solvent-type additive. When paired with a carbon-coated LVO nanosheet anode (LVO/C), this tailored electrolyte promotes the formation of a robust and ion-conductive organic-inorganic hybrid SEI layer through the coordinated decomposition of both additives. This stable interphase effectively reduces interfacial resistance, facilitates rapid Li⁺ transport, and suppresses transition-metal dissolution. As a result, the LVO/C electrode achieves a high reversible capacity of 667.8 mAh g^-1 at 0.5 A g^-1 and remarkable long-term cyclability, retaining 91.3% of its capacity after 2000 cycles at 4.0 A g^-1. This study highlights the effectiveness of dual-additive electrolyte strategies in enabling high-performance LVO anodes for advanced lithium-ion batteries.