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Curvature-programmed nitrate electroreduction via single-atom protrusions on quantum dots.

Dong Chen1, Shaoce Zhang2, Dongchang He1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.

Science Advances
|May 8, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel "curvature-programming" strategy using FeCu dual single-atom catalysts on molybdenum carbide quantum dots for efficient electrochemical nitrate reduction. This method achieves high ammonia production and wastewater remediation, offering a new path for advanced single-atom catalysts.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Local geometric constraints significantly impact electronic structure and catalyst performance.
  • Conventional single-atom catalysts (SACs) often use planar sites, limiting their potential.
  • Three-dimensional catalyst configurations offer underexplored opportunities for enhanced activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a "curvature-programming" strategy for designing advanced single-atom catalysts.
  • To investigate the electrochemical nitrate reduction performance of FeCu dual single-atom protrusions on molybdenum carbide quantum dots (FeCu/MoCx-5 QDs).
  • To explore the potential of 3D catalyst architectures for environmental remediation and energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized FeCu dual single-atom protrusions on molybdenum carbide quantum dots (FeCu/MoCx-5 QDs).

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  • Employed a "curvature-programming" strategy to create high-curvature quantum dots with protruding geometries.
  • Evaluated the electrochemical nitrate reduction activity, Faradaic efficiency, overpotential, and energy consumption of the catalyst.

    • Main Results:

    • FeCu/MoCx-5 QDs demonstrated nearly 100% NH3 Faradaic efficiency over a wide potential window (-0.1 to -0.4 V vs. RHE).
    • Achieved an ultralow overpotential of 300 mV and energy consumption of 7.52 Wh gNH3-1 mgcat-1.
    • The catalyst effectively reduced nitrate in wastewater and produced scalable ammonium sulfate.

    Conclusions:

    • The "curvature-programming" strategy successfully enhances single-atom catalyst performance by mimicking active vertex sites.
    • FeCu/MoCx-5 QDs offer a highly efficient and stable catalyst for electrochemical nitrate reduction.
    • This approach integrates environmental remediation with renewable energy storage, paving the way for broader energy applications of SACs.