Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Broad and Differential Animal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor Usage by SARS-CoV-2.

Journal of virology·2020
Same author

LY6E Restricts Entry of Human Coronaviruses, Including Currently Pandemic SARS-CoV-2.

Journal of virology·2020
Same author

Genetically and Antigenically Divergent Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses Exhibit Differential Replication and Transmission Phenotypes in Mammalian Models.

Journal of virology·2020
Same author

Isolated Heme A Synthase from Aquifex aeolicus Is a Trimer.

mBio·2020
Same author

Bat SARS-Like WIV1 coronavirus uses the ACE2 of multiple animal species as receptor and evades IFITM3 restriction <i>via</i> TMPRSS2 activation of membrane fusion.

Emerging microbes & infections·2020
Same author

VEGF-D: a novel biomarker for detection of COVID-19 progression.

Critical care (London, England)·2020
Same journal

The cognitive construction of moral scenes: Associations of visuospatial ability and impulsivity with perspective and vividness in mental simulation.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

Theta band activity during event-file retrieval is influenced by stimulus salience in the preceding action episode.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

Language recovery in Hungarian speakers with aphasia: Roles of phonology and intraindividual variability.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

Neural and behavioral dissociations of self-focused and other-focused incentives in trust.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

A multiverse analysis of the logical memory test and plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

Reading and writing impairments in Spanish-speaking individuals with primary progressive aphasia: A single-case series study.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

End-To-End Deep Neural Network for Salient Object Detection in Complex Environments
03:31

End-To-End Deep Neural Network for Salient Object Detection in Complex Environments

Published on: December 15, 2023

Object recognition is shaped by the dynamic interplay between low-level contrast and high-level context.

Wenting Lin1, Hui Zeng1, Yaqi He1

  • 1Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Psychology, Guangzhou, China.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|May 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual contrast affects object recognition by altering how context influences perception. High contrast aids recognition with context, while low contrast benefits from context incongruence, revealing dynamic top-down and bottom-up interactions.

Keywords:
Event-related potentialsObject recognitionScene context

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

End-To-End Deep Neural Network for Salient Object Detection in Complex Environments
03:31

End-To-End Deep Neural Network for Salient Object Detection in Complex Environments

Published on: December 15, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Human Sensation and Perception

Background:

  • Object recognition integrates bottom-up sensory data with top-down prior knowledge.
  • Semantic context influences object recognition, but dynamic processing mechanisms remain unclear.
  • The interplay between visual contrast and semantic congruency in object recognition needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how stimulus contrast modulates the impact of scene-object semantic congruency on object recognition.
  • To explore the dynamic interaction between bottom-up (visual contrast) and top-down (semantic context) factors in visual perception.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Behavioral study (N=73) assessing recognition accuracy for high/low contrast objects in congruent/incongruent scenes.
  • Experiment 2: Event-related potentials (ERPs) study (N=19) examining neural correlates of these effects.
  • Utilized object recognition tasks with varying stimulus contrast and scene semantic congruency.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral data showed a congruency benefit for high-contrast objects and an incongruency benefit for low-contrast objects.
  • ERP results indicated contrast-dependent neural activity: high-contrast targets showed effects in N300, N400, and P600 components, while low-contrast targets showed effects in late components.
  • Demonstrated a shift in contextual influence based on stimulus contrast.

Conclusions:

  • Low-level visual contrast critically determines whether prior knowledge facilitates or hinders object recognition.
  • Provides novel insights into the dynamic interplay between bottom-up and top-down processing in visual perception.
  • Highlights the role of stimulus contrast in modulating the influence of semantic context on object recognition.