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Core elements of functionally bilingual nursing education-A descriptive qualitative study
Hanna Repo Jamal1, Minna Elomaa-Krapu2, Jaana-Maija Koivisto3
1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), Helsinki 00014, Finland; Future Proof Health and Wellbeing Innovation Hub, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, PO BOX 4000 (Myllypurontie 1), Metropolia, Helsinki FI-00079, Finland.
Nurse Education in Practice
|May 8, 2026
Summary
Functionally bilingual nursing education integrates local language acquisition with nursing degrees to address nurse shortages. This approach emphasizes linguistically aware teaching, language integration, and supported clinical practice for diverse students.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Language Pedagogy
- Workforce Development
Background:
- Global nurse shortages necessitate innovative educational models.
- Functionally bilingual nursing education aims to integrate international students into local healthcare systems.
- Limited qualitative research exists on the practical implementation of language-integrated nursing programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the key elements and implementation of functionally bilingual nursing education.
- To explore how language is integrated into nursing curricula and clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive qualitative study design was employed.
- Data were gathered through individual thematic interviews with 13 teachers.
- Inductive content analysis was used to analyze the interview data.
Main Results:
- Functionally bilingual nursing education features linguistically aware teaching, local language integration, and supported clinical practice.
- Collaboration between nursing and language educators is crucial for balancing discipline-specific content and language pedagogy.
- Pedagogical strategies like flipped learning and authentic environments embed language learning within the nursing curriculum.
Conclusions:
- This educational model addresses staff shortages and enhances linguistic and cultural diversity in nursing.
- Language is framed as integral to professional competence, promoting equitable learning and sustainable workforce integration for international students.
- The approach offers a pathway for international students into European labor markets and is adaptable to other professions.
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