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The role of artificial intelligence-enhanced multispectral imaging in burn surgery decision-making: A
Zoe M Gotts1, Elizabeth Orme1, Christopher J Lewis1
1Northern Regional Burn Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom.
Background:
Artificial intelligence (AI) supported imaging is increasingly used across plastic surgery, including burn care, to assist with assessment and surgical planning. Most of the existing literature has focused on accuracy and technical performance, but less is known about how patients view AI in their care, particularly its impact on understanding of injury, confidence in recommendations, and decisions about surgery.
Methods:
A qualitative‑dominant mixed‑methods service evaluation was conducted in a UK regional adult burns center, where the Spectral DeepView® device is under evaluation. Twelve adult patients completed a questionnaire exploring their understanding of skin graft surgery, confidence in decision‑making, perceived risks, and views on AI in healthcare. They were then invited to a semi‑structured interview to reflect on experiences of AI‑supported assessment, emotional responses to viewing AI‑generated images, and how this influenced discussions and surgical decisions. Questionnaire data were summarized descriptively and interview data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results:
Patients' understanding of skin graft surgery and AI‑supported assessment varied. Surgeon recommendation, anticipated healing time, and expected functional outcomes were the most influential factors in decision‑making. Interviews highlighted the value of seeing and understanding the injury, with AI‑generated images helping patients make sense of clinical explanations. Emotional responses ranged from reassurance to initial uncertainty, and patients emphasized the importance of a clear, sensitive clinician explanation to contextualize AI‑derived information. AI‑enhanced imaging was generally viewed as a supportive adjunct rather than a replacement for clinician expertise.
Conclusions:
From the patient perspective, AI‑enhanced multispectral imaging (MSI) may support understanding and reassurance during burn surgery decision‑making when used alongside clear, clinician‑led communication. These findings highlight the importance of psychologically informed, patient‑centered approaches when implementing AI technologies in burn care.
