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Updated: May 10, 2026

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
Published on: April 4, 2018
NGS versus exome versus genome wide: Advantages? Disadvantages?
Anne Barlier1, Jérôme Bouligand2
1Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, MarMaRa institute, La Timone University Hospital, Laboratory of Molecular Biology GEnOPé, BIOGENOPOLE, Marseille, France.
Advancements in genomic sequencing technologies like next-generation sequencing (NGS) have revolutionized the molecular diagnosis of rare inherited diseases. This review compares Targeted Exome Sequencing (TES), Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) for diagnosing these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Diagnostics
- Rare Diseases
Background:
- Automated Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS) have driven progress in diagnosing inherited diseases.
- France's National Rare Diseases Plan (2011) fostered rare disease centers and networks.
- NGS platforms are now standard in molecular biology labs for genetic testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare Targeted Exome Sequencing (TES), Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS).
- To discuss the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of these genomic approaches.
- To explore their specific applications in endocrinology.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of TES, WES, and WGS technologies.
- Review of their integration into diagnostic workflows.
- Examination of their utility in endocrinology.
Main Results:
- TES, WES, and WGS offer distinct capabilities for molecular diagnosis.
- Each method presents unique advantages and limitations regarding scope, cost, and data analysis.
- Genomic sequencing has significantly improved diagnostic yield for rare diseases.
Conclusions:
- Genomic sequencing technologies are essential tools for diagnosing rare inherited diseases.
- The choice of TES, WES, or WGS depends on the clinical context and diagnostic goals.
- Continued advancements promise further improvements in rare disease diagnosis and endocrinology applications.
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