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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

[The 518th case: multiple intracranial lesions, fever, rash]

Q Liu1, P P Shi1, X Chen1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan 030009, China.

Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
|May 8, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This case study details a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Early neurological symptoms and white matter lesions warrant consideration of PML and HIV testing.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • A 58-year-old male presented with rash, fever, neurological deficits, and a perianal abscess.
  • Initial symptoms included slurred speech, delayed responses, and left-sided limb weakness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
  • To highlight diagnostic considerations for white matter lesions in immunocompromised patients.

Main Methods:

  • Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess intracranial lesions.
  • Serum HIV antibody testing.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for pathogen detection.

Main Results:

  • MRI revealed progressive, asymmetric white matter damage without contrast enhancement.
  • HIV antibody testing was positive.
  • CSF analysis detected DNA from hepatitis B virus, John Cunningham (JC) virus, and Epstein-Barr virus.

Conclusions:

  • The patient was diagnosed with AIDS and PML.
  • Asymmetric white matter lesions should prompt consideration of PML and HIV screening.

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