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Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
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HIV/AIDS in Conflict-Affected Countries, 2024-2025.

Shahul H Ebrahim1, Udhayashankar Kanagasabai2, Laura N Broyles2

  • 1Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis Prevention, Global Health Center, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, US. sbe2@cdc.gov.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
|May 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conflict does not significantly impact HIV outcomes in affected countries, likely due to sustained international funding. Strengthening HIV monitoring is crucial for post-conflict health system recovery.

Keywords:
AIDS controlConflictGlobal FundPEPFARWar

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Epidemiology
  • International Development

Background:

  • Armed conflicts exacerbate HIV challenges through displacement, poverty, and health system collapse.
  • These factors disrupt HIV testing, treatment initiation, and care continuity.
  • Global conflict has reached historic highs, necessitating an analysis of its impact on HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To ecologically analyze the relationship between conflict severity and HIV outcomes.
  • To assess the impact of conflict on HIV incidence, prevalence, and progress toward UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological analysis of 22 conflict-affected countries using data from multiple conflict databases.
  • Extracted HIV data (incidence, prevalence, 95-95-95 targets) from UNAIDS.
  • Employed Pearson correlation to examine associations between conflict severity and HIV indicators.

Main Results:

  • HIV prevalence varied widely (0.1% in Syria/Iraq to 11.6% in Mozambique).
  • No country met all UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets; Cameroon achieved 95% HIV status awareness.
  • No strong associations were found between conflict severity and HIV prevalence, incidence, or 95-95-95 cascade progress.

Conclusions:

  • HIV indicators in conflict zones are comparable to non-conflict settings.
  • Sustained funding from PEPFAR and the Global Fund may mitigate conflict's effects on HIV targets.
  • Enhanced HIV indicator monitoring is vital for resource allocation and health system preparedness during post-conflict reconstruction.