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Related Concept Videos

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
09:10

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging

Published on: January 30, 2026

sc-ChromAging: A Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility-based Clock Decodes Cell-Type-Specific Epigenetic Aging

Xindi Wei1, Youcheng Dong1, Hongchang Lai2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.

Npj Aging
|May 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new chromatin accessibility aging clock (sc-ChromAging) uses T cells to predict biological age. It links immune aging to inflammation, infection, and tumor susceptibility, and connects chromatin changes to metabolites.

More Related Videos

TChIP-Seq: Cell-Type-Specific Epigenome Profiling
07:28

TChIP-Seq: Cell-Type-Specific Epigenome Profiling

Published on: January 23, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
09:10

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging

Published on: January 30, 2026

TChIP-Seq: Cell-Type-Specific Epigenome Profiling
07:28

TChIP-Seq: Cell-Type-Specific Epigenome Profiling

Published on: January 23, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Immunology
  • Metabolomics
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Aging is associated with complex molecular changes.
  • Developing accurate biological age predictors is crucial for understanding healthspan.
  • Chromatin accessibility offers a potential marker for cellular aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel chromatin accessibility-based aging clock.
  • To identify cell types most predictive of chronological age.
  • To explore the link between epigenetic aging, immune function, and metabolic health.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) was performed on 401 Chinese individuals.
  • A machine learning model was trained to predict age based on chromatin accessibility data.
  • Cell-type-specific predictions and pathway analyses were conducted.

Main Results:

  • The sc-ChromAging clock accurately predicted chronological age.
  • CD4⁺ naive T cells were identified as the most informative cell type for age prediction.
  • Immune aging signatures correlated with pathways related to inflammation, infection, and tumor susceptibility.
  • Chromatin accessibility changes were associated with specific plasma metabolites, including triacylglycerols.

Conclusions:

  • sc-ChromAging provides a novel tool for assessing biological age based on epigenetic modifications.
  • Naive T cells are key players in immune system aging.
  • Epigenetic aging is linked to immune function, disease susceptibility, and metabolic alterations.