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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
09:27

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Published on: January 19, 2024

Temporal kinetics of brain state effects on visual perception.

Paul Schmid1,2, Timon Klein3, Piotr Minakowski3

  • 1Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.

Scientific Reports
|May 9, 2026
PubMed
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Attention shifts rapidly between focused wakefulness (ON state) and inattention (OFF state). Sensory information is preserved during inattention, but processing is slower, highlighting the role of broadband high-frequency activity in visual perception.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Attention modulates sensory processing, but the dynamics of attention shifts and their impact on sensory information are not fully understood.
  • Inattention's effect on early visual responses and information loss requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of brain state transitions between attention (ON state) and inattention (OFF state).
  • To assess how these cognitive states affect human perception and early visual processing.
  • To determine if inattention leads to a loss of sensory information.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record brain activity.
  • Developed a classifier based on theta activity to distinguish between ON and OFF states on a single-trial basis.
Keywords:
Brain state changesDecodingHigh-frequency activityInattentionMagnetoencephalography

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
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Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Published on: January 19, 2024

State-Dependency Effects on TMS: A Look at Motive Phosphene Behavior
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State-Dependency Effects on TMS: A Look at Motive Phosphene Behavior

Published on: December 28, 2010

Using Electroencephalography Measurements and High-quality Video Recording for Analyzing Visual Perception of Media Content
10:41

Using Electroencephalography Measurements and High-quality Video Recording for Analyzing Visual Perception of Media Content

Published on: May 26, 2018

  • Analyzed broadband high-frequency activity (BHA) in the occipital cortex and electroencephalography (EEG)-C1 latency.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants transitioned between ON and OFF states rapidly, within two seconds.
    • Visual target discrimination remained comparable across states, but reaction times were slower and more variable in the OFF state.
    • Occipital BHA tracked target orientation even in the OFF state, indicating preserved sensory information, though BHA was reduced.

    Conclusions:

    • Broadband high-frequency activity (BHA) plays a crucial role in visual perception across different cognitive brain states.
    • Sensory information is not lost during inattention, but its processing is affected.
    • BHA is implicated in both feedforward and feedback processing within the visual system.