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Biodegradable Microrobots for Active Navigation and Delivery on Ex Vivo Cardiac Models.

Fatma Ceren Kirmizitas1,2, Srikanta Debata1, Bingzhi Wu1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|May 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

New biocompatible microrobots, made from Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and iron, can navigate complex biological surfaces like heart tissue. These biodegradable robots offer precise control for targeted cell delivery in biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Magnetically driven microrobots offer precise, fuel-free operation for biomedical tasks.
  • Developing biocompatible and biodegradable microrobots for complex biological surfaces is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create simple, biocompatible, and biodegradable microrobots for versatile tasks on biological surfaces.
  • To evaluate the navigation, control, and functionality of these microrobots on ex vivo chicken heart tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles and coated them with iron using physical vapor deposition.
  • Utilized rotating magnetic fields for microrobot locomotion, enabling both open-loop and closed-loop control.
  • Tested microrobot performance on ex vivo chicken heart tissue, assessing motion, trajectory tracking, and cell transport capabilities.
Keywords:
PLGA based microrobotsbiocompatiblebiodegradableex vivo applicationsmagnetically drivenmicrorobots

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated consistent rolling motion and precise trajectory tracking on complex, heterogeneous chicken heart tissue surfaces.
  • Successfully utilized microrobots for targeted cell transportation on the tissue.
  • Confirmed microrobot biodegradability over time with no significant observed cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microrobots are biocompatible, biodegradable, and exhibit versatile locomotion and control.
  • These microrobots show significant promise for applications in targeted therapeutic delivery and in vivo diagnostics.
  • The simple design and robust functionality position these microrobots as valuable tools for advanced biomedical applications.