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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Updated: May 12, 2026

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Targeting Golgi-STING Signaling to Reprogram Innate and Adaptive Immunity for the Treatment of Implant-Associated

Shicheng Huo1, Naifeng Zhu2, Zhuocheng Lyu2

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Spine Surgical Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|May 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel nanoplatform that uses neutrophils and ultrasound to target implant-associated infections. It effectively clears biofilms, boosts immune responses, and prevents reinfection with no systemic toxicity.

Keywords:
Golgi pHcGAS–STING pathwayimmunotherapyimplant‐associated infectionneutrophil‐hitchhiking nanoplatform

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Implant-associated infections (IAIs) are challenging due to biofilms and immune suppression.
  • Current treatments often struggle with efficacy and targeted delivery.
  • Developing new strategies is crucial for combating persistent infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a neutrophil-hitchhiking ultrasound-driven nanoplatform (CS-BT@MZ@NEs) for IAIs.
  • To target Golgi pH modulation and activate immune pathways for enhanced antibacterial effects.
  • To establish a therapeutic platform for IAIs with immune memory induction.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a neutrophil-hitchhiking nanoplatform (CS-BT@MZ@NEs) for targeted delivery.
  • Utilized ultrasound (US) to disrupt biofilms and modulate Golgi pH.
  • Investigated immune pathway activation (STING pathway, cytokine release, immune cell polarization).
  • Evaluated therapeutic efficacy in vivo, including bacterial burden, immune cell responses, and immune memory.

Main Results:

  • CS-BT@MZ@NEs successfully targeted deep infection sites by leveraging neutrophil migration.
  • Ultrasound-driven effects and Golgi pH modulation activated the STING pathway, enhancing immune responses.
  • Significant reduction in bacterial load and myeloid-derived suppressor cells observed in vivo.
  • Robust immune memory was induced, preventing reinfection, with no observed systemic toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The CS-BT@MZ@NEs nanoplatform offers a promising strategy for treating IAIs.
  • Targeted delivery, Golgi pH modulation, and immune memory activation are key therapeutic components.
  • This approach advances nano-immunotherapy for challenging implant-associated infections.