[Interleukin-1 activity regulators in acute decompensated heart failure: dependence on obesity degree]

To assess the circulating levels of IL-1 and its activity regulators, IL-1Ra and IL-1R2, in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) depending on body mass index (BMI).

The study included 159 patients hospitalized for ADHF. Depending on the BMI, the patients were assigned to 5 groups. The first group included 30 patients with healthy weight (BMI<25 kg/m²), the second - 50 overweight patients (25≤BMI<30 kg/m²), the third - 38 patients with class I obesity (30≤BMI<35 kg/m²), the fourth - 28 patients with class II obesity (35≤BMI<40 kg/m²), the fifth group - 13 patients with class III obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m²).

With increasing BMI, IL-1 levels increased, while IL-1R2 levels, on the contrary, decreased, but no statistically significant differences were found. IL-1Ra concentrations changed ambiguously and had U-shaped dependence. IL-1Ra levels were lower in overweight patients than in normal weight and obese groups. At the same time, the increase in obesity was accompanied by higher IL-1Ra levels. The highest IL-1Ra value was observed at a BMI≥40 kg/m².

In ADHF an increase in obesity is accompanied by an increase in the inhibition of IL-1 activity, which may be one of the mechanisms by which adipose tissue exerts a protective effect.