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Evaluation of new vectorcardiography algorithms for identifying left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired systolic

Janek Salatzki1, Arne Kristian Schwarz2, Sarah Wolfsteller3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.

Journal of Electrocardiology
|May 10, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Vectorcardiography (VCG) effectively screens for impaired systolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), offering a scalable alternative to advanced imaging. This method shows high accuracy, aiding early diagnosis of structural heart disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Diagnosing impaired systolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is challenging.
  • Electrocardiography has limited accuracy for subtle cardiac abnormalities.
  • Vectorcardiography (VCG) offers a potential solution for screening structural heart disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the diagnostic performance of VCG for identifying impaired systolic function and LVH.
  • To compare VCG findings with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) results.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case-control study involved 245 participants.
  • Participants underwent both CMR and VCG.
  • An AI algorithm analyzed 583 VCG parameters.

Main Results:

  • VCG parameters demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for impaired systolic function (AUC 0.843) and LVH (AUCs 0.739-0.791).
  • Overall diagnostic accuracy reached 81.7% for systolic dysfunction and 78.2% for LVH.
  • The combined phenotype was detected with 83.1% accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • VCG reliably detects left ventricular systolic dysfunction and hypertrophy.
  • VCG serves as a scalable and interpretable screening tool, especially where advanced imaging is limited.
  • Further multicenter studies are recommended for clinical validation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceImpaired systolic functionLeft ventricular ejection fractionLeft ventricular hypertrophyScreeningVectorcardiography

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