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Panoramic Soft Tissue Calcifications as Vascular Risk Markers in Diabetes: A Pilot Case-Control Study in Hungarians.

Laura Lipták1, Klaudia Lipták2, Péter Hermann2

  • 1Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Diabetes Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

International Dental Journal
|May 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Soft tissue calcifications on dental panoramic radiographs (PR) are common, particularly in older adults. While diabetes was not an independent predictor, PRs offer opportunistic vascular risk assessment opportunities.

Keywords:
Carotid artery calcificationDiabetes mellitusPanoramic radiographySoft tissue calcificationStylohyoid ligamentVascular risk

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Soft tissue calcifications on dental panoramic radiographs (PR) may indicate systemic vascular disease.
  • Diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence of soft tissue calcifications in patients with diabetes versus nondiabetic controls.
  • To explore associations between calcifications and risk factors in a combined sample.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study of 112 participants (56 with diabetes, 56 controls), matched for age and sex.
  • Evaluation of PRs for soft tissue calcification, carotid-region calcification, and stylohyoid ligament complex calcification/ossification.
  • Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for relevant covariates.

Main Results:

  • Overall prevalence: any soft tissue calcification (42.0%), carotid-region calcification (27.7%), stylohyoid ligament complex calcification/ossification (35.7%).
  • Age was independently associated with increased odds of any soft tissue calcification and carotid-region calcification.
  • Diabetes status was not an independent predictor in fully adjusted models.

Conclusions:

  • Panoramic soft tissue calcifications are common and age-related.
  • Opportunistic detection of carotid-region calcifications on PR supports vascular risk assessment, especially in older adults and those with diabetes.