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Related Concept Videos

Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
The Unfolded Protein Response01:37

The Unfolded Protein Response

The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER01:32

Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER

After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...

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Updated: May 12, 2026

Quantifying Tissue-Specific Proteostatic Decline in Caenorhabditis elegans
09:18

Quantifying Tissue-Specific Proteostatic Decline in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: September 7, 2021

Karyopherins in proteostasis and aging.

Noeli Soares Melo da Silva1, Laura Harrison1, Adia Ouellette1

  • 1New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, 27 Providence Street, Moncton, NB E1C8X3, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine Maillet Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A3E9, Canada.

Ageing Research Reviews
|May 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nucleocytoplasmic transport, regulated by karyopherins, is crucial for protein balance. Its age-related decline contributes to diseases, but targeting karyopherins may restore cellular health.

Keywords:
AgingKaryopherinsLongevityNuclear PoreNucleocytoplasmic transportProteostasis

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

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Published on: May 18, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Nucleocytoplasmic transport regulates protein distribution via the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
  • Karyopherins mediate large protein transport through a Ran GTPase cycle.
  • Karyopherins also act as chaperones, preventing protein aggregation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in proteostasis.
  • To explore the link between karyopherin dysfunction and aging/age-associated diseases.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting karyopherins.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on nucleocytoplasmic transport and proteostasis.
  • Analysis of the role of karyopherins in protein aggregation and phase separation.
  • Discussion of age-related changes in transport and their consequences.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulation of karyopherin transport is implicated in aging and diseases like neurodegeneration and cancer.
  • Altered nucleocytoplasmic transport reshapes proteome organization and signaling.
  • Karyopherins possess chaperone-like functions beyond canonical transport.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleocytoplasmic transport is a key component of the proteostasis network.
  • Targeting karyopherins offers potential therapeutic avenues for age-related diseases.
  • Restoring karyopherin function may improve cellular homeostasis in aging.