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An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
IMPACT OF IMPLANT SURFACE ENGINEERING ON OSSEOINTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONAL STABILITY: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY
F AlKhayyat1, I Farhood2, E Al-Zubaidy3
11Prosthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Background:
The implant surface has been recognized as an important factor for osseointegration and the long-term clinical outcome in dental implant therapy. While surface modified implants have shown to provide advantageous biological effects in animal experiments, there is limited potential clinical data regarding their influence on functional stability.
Aim:
The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate relative effects of the creation of implant surface on osseointegration and functional stability, between machined-type dental implant, sandblasted acid etched (SLA)-type dental implant, and bioactive coated-surface type dental implants.
Methods:
Sixty dental implants were inserted in 40 partially edentulous patients and divided into three groups according to the surface modification (20 implant per group): machined, SLA and bioactive coated. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was used to measure the stability of the implants at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Changes in the mBL were recorded radiographically after 6 months. Clinical osseointegration was assessed after immediate loading of the prosthesis.
Results:
All implants osseointegrated without any early failure. Implant stability significantly improved with time in all groups (P<0.001). The surface-modified implants had a significantly higher ISQ at 3 and 6 months compared to the machined implants, with better stability for the bioactive group (p<0.01). Marginal bone loss around SLA and bioactive implants was significantly reduced as compared to machined implants (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
The engineered implant surface is an important structure that plays a critical role in osseointegration and the maintenance of implant function clinically. Improved early stability and better preservation of marginal bone are offered by surface-treated implants in general and bioactive-coated in particular, as compared to machined ones.
