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Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Acquiring Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Images of Lung Ventilation
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Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI Features Associated with Interstitial Lung Disease Identified Using an Interpretable

Fuyao Li1, Suphachart Leewiwatwong1, Anna Costelle2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (F.L., S.L., B.D.).

Academic Radiology
|May 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperpolarized xenon-129 MRI/MRS identified key metrics distinguishing interstitial lung disease (ILD) from COPD and healthy lungs. This approach aids in early ILD detection and personalized assessment.

Keywords:
Hyperpolarized (129)Xe MRIMachine learningMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance spectroscopy

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function

Published on: April 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Medical Imaging
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperpolarized 129-xenon magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) offers unique insights into lung diseases.
  • Distinguishing interstitial lung disease (ILD) from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy controls using 129-xenon MRI/MRS features requires precise identification of key metrics and thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific 129-xenon MRI/MRS metrics and thresholds most strongly associated with ILD compared to COPD and healthy individuals.
  • To develop and evaluate a diagnostic approach for ILD using quantitative 129-xenon MRI/MRS features.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 129-xenon MRI/MRS data from 155 participants (84 ILD, 21 COPD, 50 healthy controls).
  • Feature selection using L1-regularized logistic regression and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis.
  • Development and validation of a threshold-based decision tree model, with stability assessed by bootstrap resampling.

Main Results:

  • A decision tree model incorporating high membrane uptake (Memhigh), ventilation defect percentage (VDP), red blood cell (RBC) transfer defect gradient (ΔRDPBA), and RBC chemical shift achieved 93.5% overall classification accuracy.
  • High sensitivity and specificity were observed for differentiating healthy, COPD, and ILD groups (e.g., ILD: 94.1% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity).
  • Bootstrap resampling confirmed the stability of the selected features and thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • Four physiologically meaningful 129-xenon MRI/MRS metrics are strongly associated with ILD.
  • This interpretable approach supports the further development of 129-xenon MRI/MRS for early ILD detection.
  • The findings facilitate individualized physiological assessment in patients with lung diseases.