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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)01:23

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(one-step method)01:15

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(one-step method)

This procedural guide systematically measures blood pressure using an oscillometric digital sphygmomanometer, emphasizing accuracy, patient safety, and comfort.
Prepare for the Procedure:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Wrist-Measured Nighttime Home BP and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The WISDOM-HMOD Study.

Kazuomi Kario1, Kenji Harada1, Yusuke Ishiyama1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., K.H., Y.I., T.F., K.N., Y.S., H.M., N.T., S.H.).

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|May 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nighttime blood pressure (BP) measured at home using a wrist device is a significant risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy. This finding highlights the importance of monitoring nocturnal BP for cardiovascular health.

Keywords:
blood pressureheart failurehumansrisk factors

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Diagnostic Monitoring

Background:

  • Nighttime blood pressure (BP) is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure.
  • The association between wrist-type home BP monitoring and LVH is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between nighttime BP measured by a wrist-type home BP monitor and LVH.
  • To determine if wrist-type home BP monitoring can identify individuals at risk for LVH.

Main Methods:

  • The WISDOM-HMOD study included 1218 hypertensive or heart failure patients.
  • Nighttime and daytime BPs were measured over 7 days using a wrist-type home BP monitor.
  • Left ventricular mass index was assessed via echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • Elevated nighttime systolic BP was independently associated with higher left ventricular mass index.
  • Nighttime systolic BP was a significant risk factor for LVH in both men and women.
  • High-risk nighttime BP thresholds varied between sexes.

Conclusions:

  • Home nighttime BP monitoring with a wrist-type device is a valuable tool for assessing LVH risk.
  • Nocturnal BP is an independent predictor of LVH and its complications like heart failure.
  • Sex-specific BP thresholds are important for identifying LVH risk.