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Published on: October 5, 2015

Lung function impairment in children post-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hanhan Wu1, Yazhen Lang1, Luqing Jin1

  • 1Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|May 11, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) survivors often experience reduced lung function, specifically lower FEV₁ and FVC, impacting long-term respiratory health. Further research is needed to fully understand these persistent effects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can lead to lasting lung function deficits.
  • Limited data exist on post-treatment pulmonary function in pediatric PTB survivors.
  • This study addresses the need for updated evidence on long-term lung health in children after PTB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze current evidence on pulmonary function outcomes in children post-PTB treatment.
  • To quantify the impact of childhood PTB on spirometric parameters like FEV₁, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio.
  • To compare lung function in pediatric PTB survivors with healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.
  • Inclusion of studies with children (≤18 years) diagnosed with PTB and undergoing post-treatment spirometry.
  • Calculation of pooled mean z-scores and standardized mean differences (Hedges' g) using random-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Significant reductions in post-treatment FEV₁ (z-score: -1.51) and FVC (z-score: -1.36) were observed in pediatric PTB survivors.
  • Comparisons with healthy controls revealed significantly lower FEV₁ (g = -0.46) and FVC (g = -0.29) in post-PTB children.

Conclusions:

  • Children treated for PTB frequently present with reduced FEV₁ and FVC compared to age-matched references.
  • Findings suggest a significant association between childhood PTB and impaired lung function, though heterogeneity exists.
  • Further prospective, age-specific studies are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of long-term lung development impacts.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrenlung functionpost-tuberculosis lung diseasespirometrytuberculosis

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