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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Immunosenescence and Cancer: Cellular Aging Programs That Reshape Antitumor Immunity.

Seo-Hee Oh¹, Young-In Kim¹, Seo Hee Kim¹

¹Laboratory of Mucosal Immune Ecosystems, Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.

|May 11, 2026

Summary

Aging weakens the immune system (immunosenescence), promoting inflammation and impairing anti-tumor responses. This impacts cancer immunotherapy effectiveness in older individuals.

Keywords:

CAR T-cell Cancer immunotherapy Immunosenescence Inflammaging Tumor microenvironment

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Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

Immunology
Gerontology
Oncology

Background:

Immunosenescence is the age-related decline in immune function.
This decline is partly due to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), contributing to chronic inflammation (inflammaging).
Aging affects both innate and adaptive immunity, compromising immune cell functions crucial for cancer surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune cell aging.
To outline how immunosenescence alters the tumor microenvironment.
To discuss the influence of immunosenescence on cancer immunotherapy outcomes in older patients.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on immunosenescence and cancer.
Analysis of cellular and molecular changes in immune cells during aging.
Examination of the impact of immunosenescence on tumor immunity and therapy response.

Main Results:

Aging impairs macrophage, dendritic cell, neutrophil, and NK cell functions.
Thymic involution, reduced TCR diversity, and accumulation of senescent T cells characterize immunosenescence.
SASP-driven factors (IL-6, TGF-β) promote tumor immune evasion and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

Immunosenescence significantly compromises antitumor immunity.
Dysfunctional immune cells and altered tumor microenvironment limit the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy, in older adults.
Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for improving cancer treatment strategies in aging populations.