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Identification of Immune-Related Lactylation Genes in Rheumatoid Arthritis With Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive
Jiaqi Hu1,2, Weiyu Tao2, Xinyu Qian2,3
1Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China, fudan.edu.cn.
Mediators of Inflammation
|May 11, 2026
Summary
Lactylation-related genes show promise as diagnostic markers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and atherosclerosis (AS). These genes offer insights into the shared pathways driving both conditions, aiding in diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Immunology
- Metabolic disease
Background:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) accelerates atherosclerosis (AS) progression.
- Shared immune dysregulation and metabolic alterations, particularly in lactate metabolism, are observed in RA and AS patients.
- The role of lactylation in RA-associated AS pathogenesis is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate lactylation-related genes as potential diagnostic markers for patients with concurrent RA and AS.
- To explore the relationship between lactylation, hub genes, and immune infiltration in RA and AS.
Main Methods:
- Integrated and analyzed RA (GSE89408) and AS (GSE43292) datasets from the GEO database.
- Identified core lactylation-associated hub genes.
- Examined gene functions, expression levels, immune infiltration correlation, and lactylation scores in immune cells using single-cell data.
Main Results:
- Identified four lactylation-related hub genes (SMARCC2, CCNA2, NUP50, GATAD2B) strongly associated with concurrent RA and AS.
- These genes demonstrated high diagnostic potential (AUC > 0.88).
- Hub gene expression correlated significantly with immune cell infiltration, and distinct lactylation scores were observed across different immune cell types.
Conclusions:
- Lactylation-related genes serve as promising diagnostic markers for RA and AS.
- These findings provide valuable insights into the shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying RA and AS.
