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Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
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Microsoft Excel is a cornerstone tool for data analysis and statistical operations, offering a wide array of functionalities to manage, analyze, and visualize data efficiently. Recognized for its versatility, Excel facilitates the performance of basic to complex statistical operations, serving as an indispensable asset for analysts, researchers, and students alike. Excel's significance in data analysis emanates from its spreadsheet environment, where data can be organized in rows and columns,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Machine Learning Algorithms for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in an Experimental Rat Model
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Development of an excel-based decision support tool for graves orbitopathy.

Deniz Kilic1, Mustafa Aksoy1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Worldeye Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye.

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|May 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new Excel tool operationalizes European Group on Graves

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Decision Support Systems

Background:

  • Graves' orbitopathy (GO) management requires adherence to complex guidelines.
  • Operationalizing the 2021 European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) recommendations in clinical practice presents challenges.
  • Standardizing GO care is crucial for consistent patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and assess the technical feasibility of a rule-based Excel decision support tool.
  • To operationalize the 2021 EUGOGO recommendations for Graves' orbitopathy (GO).
  • To facilitate the integration of GO management guidelines into routine clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • A rule-based Excel tool was developed integrating EUGOGO inputs (CAS, severity, GO-QoL).
Keywords:
EUGOGOGraves’ orbitopathydecision support

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  • Progression parameters served as override criteria for disease activity classification.
  • Proof-of-concept validation used clinical case scenarios against expert decisions.
  • Main Results:

    • The tool produced structured summaries of disease activity, severity, and management options.
    • Automated outputs were generated from routinely collected clinical parameters.
    • Pilot use confirmed technical feasibility and internal consistency of rule execution.

    Conclusions:

    • A pragmatic, rule-based Excel tool can operationalize EUGOGO recommendations for GO.
    • The tool supports documentation and workflow in GO management.
    • Further validation and prospective evaluation are necessary.