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Updated: May 12, 2026
09:37
Combining Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Optical Coherence Tomography for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Skin Cancers via Image Acquisition
Published on: August 18, 2022
Periocular basal cell carcinoma worldwide distribution - a systematic review
Raquel Galvão Bezerra1, Alicia Galindo-Ferreiro2, José Eduardo Corrente3
1Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Specialties, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|May 11, 2026
Summary
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin tumor globally, with a pooled prevalence of 61.11%. Prevalence varies by region, being higher in Western countries than in Asia.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), represent a significant global health burden.
- Understanding the global prevalence of BCC is crucial for public health planning and resource allocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the global prevalence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) among all pigmented melanoma (PM) tumors.
- To investigate potential geographic variations in BCC prevalence.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature review was conducted across seven databases, including articles published up to 2024.
- Two independent reviewers screened studies using the Rayyan app, extracting data on study characteristics and tumor prevalence.
- A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using R software to estimate the pooled prevalence of BCC.
Main Results:
- The review included 72 studies with 148,497 PM tumors. The pooled prevalence of BCC was 61.11% (95% CI: 53.48-68.49), with high heterogeneity observed.
- Prevalence varied significantly by geographic location: studies reporting <50% prevalence were predominantly from Asia (81.8%), while those with ≥80% prevalence were largely from Europe (68.4%).
Conclusions:
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) constitutes over half of all PM lesions worldwide.
- BCC prevalence is highest in Western regions, contrasting with the predominance of sebaceous gland carcinoma in Eastern countries.
- Geographic and environmental factors likely influence these observed prevalence disparities, necessitating further research for a comprehensive global understanding.
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