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Radiating Black Holes in General Relativity Need Not Be Singular
1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|May 11, 2026
Summary
This study challenges the necessity of singularities in black holes. Hawking radiation and electromagnetic repulsion can prevent the formation of singularities and Cauchy horizons in charged black holes.
Area of Science:
- Theoretical Physics
- Astrophysics
- General Relativity
Background:
- Black holes are theorized to contain singularities or Cauchy horizons where general relativity breaks down.
- Understanding the internal structure of black holes is crucial for reconciling general relativity and quantum mechanics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether singularities and Cauchy horizons are inevitable in black holes.
- To explore the role of Hawking radiation and electromagnetic effects in black hole formation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of a charged, spherically symmetric black hole undergoing gravitational collapse and Hawking radiation.
- Examination of electromagnetic repulsion and energy condition violations.
Main Results:
- Hawking radiation and electromagnetic repulsion can prevent the formation of both singularities and Cauchy horizons.
- The presence of Hawking radiation leads to a violation of energy conditions.
Conclusions:
- Singularities and Cauchy horizons may not be inevitable in all black holes.
- Electromagnetic repulsion and Hawking radiation offer a mechanism to avoid singularity formation.
- Angular momentum might play a similar role in astrophysical black holes.
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