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FlexHapComm: A Flexible Wearable Haptic Interface with Dynamically Programmable Shape-Morphing Patterns Enabling
Yue Chen1,2, Jian Jiao2, Fujian Zhang1
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 11, 2026
Summary
This study introduces FlexHapComm, a wearable electronic-skin interface for realistic human-machine interaction. This flexible haptic communication system offers programmable feedback and real-time bidirectional tactile signals.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Wearable Technology
- Robotics
Background:
- Haptic feedback enhances realism and immersion in human-machine interaction.
- Bidirectional communication is key for advanced tactile experiences.
- Existing interfaces often lack flexibility and integrated sensing/actuation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a flexible wearable haptic communication interface (FlexHapComm) as an electronic-skin system.
- To enable dynamically programmable shape-morphing haptic feedback and real-time bidirectional interaction.
- To explore applications in gesture training and sign language learning.
Main Methods:
- Designed a flexible wearable interface cointegrating hydraulic amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators and sponge-like pressure sensors.
- Utilized a multichannel programmable control system for independent regulation of actuation and sensing units.
- Conducted interpersonal interaction experiments to verify tactile signal transmission and perception.
Main Results:
- The FlexHapComm interface demonstrated dynamically programmable shape-morphing haptic feedback patterns.
- Integrated HASEL actuators (8 mm diameter) generated up to 150 mN force, with sensitive, compliant sponge-like pressure sensors.
- Experiments confirmed high-accuracy transmission and perception of bidirectional tactile signals.
Conclusions:
- FlexHapComm offers a new technological paradigm for skin-wearable communication platforms.
- The interface enables precise and synchronized bidirectional haptic communication.
- This technology paves the way for natural, efficient, and immersive tactile interactions.