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Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...

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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Maternal Infection Induces Neuronal Structure and Behavioural Alterations in Experimental Meningitis Rat Model.

Jayakumar Thejaswini1, Veerakalyana Kumar Negetha1, Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan2

  • 1Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India.

Developmental Neuroscience
|May 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Maternal infection in rats caused neurodevelopmental issues and behavioral deficits in offspring. A matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor treatment mitigated these negative effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.

Keywords:
Axonal bendingCronobacter sakazakiiDendritic and spine morphologyMaternal infectionMatrix metalloproteinase inhibitorNeonatal meningitis

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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

Published on: June 24, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Maternal infection (MI) is linked to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in offspring.
  • Neonatal bacterial meningitis can lead to long-term neurological problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate MI-induced changes in synaptic proteins, neuronal morphology, and behavior in a neonatal rat model.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPI) against MI-induced neurodevelopmental deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Pregnant rats were infected with Cronobacter sakazakii (MI group) or received an MMP-9 inhibitor (MI+MMPI group). Control rats received no infection or treatment.
  • Offspring behavior was assessed using the novel odor recognition (NOR) test and tail suspension test (TST).
  • Synaptic protein expression, axonal and dendritic morphology, and inflammatory markers were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • MI offspring showed impaired NOR and depressive behavior in TST, unlike controls.
  • MI led to altered expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9, Nrf2, Na+/K+-ATPase, PSD-95, and SHANK3, and affected BDNF maturation.
  • MI caused significant axonal, dendritic, and spine morphological changes, which were reduced by MMPI treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal infection induces significant microstructural brain alterations and behavioral deficits in offspring.
  • The experimental model effectively mimics neurological sequelae of neonatal meningitis.
  • MMPI treatment shows promise in mitigating MI-induced neurodevelopmental and behavioral impairments.