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Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert Ellis's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures
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Published on: August 29, 2018

VR Nature Therapy: Embodiment and Emotional Regulation through Immersive Virtual Environments.

Sum Yuet Joyce Lau1, Zihui Jing2, Ho Yin Hui2

  • 1Pathfinder Technology Limited.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
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Virtual reality (VR) nature therapy improves mood and embodiment. Standing postures in VR enhance body awareness, suggesting tailored physical positions optimize therapeutic outcomes for mental health.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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06:52

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Published on: November 12, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Virtual reality (VR) shows potential for emotion regulation through nature exposure.
  • Optimal VR settings for nature therapy, including cultural familiarity and interaction modes, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of cultural familiarity (Hong Kong marine vs. German forest) and interaction mode (sitting vs. standing) on mood, embodiment, nature connectedness, and VR presence.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of VR nature experiences for mental health.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subjects study involving 31 participants with no prior VR experience.
  • Exposure to immersive 360-degree VR natural sceneries (marine and forest) in both sitting and standing postures.
  • Standardized scales were used to measure mood, embodiment, nature connectedness, and VR presence before and after VR exposure.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in mood (reduced negative emotions) and embodiment (enhanced Body Unencumbered Adjustment) post-VR exposure.
  • Standing postures significantly improved embodiment compared to sitting postures.
  • Moderate levels of presence and nature connectedness were achieved, indicating the effectiveness of 360-degree videos for therapeutic benefits.

Conclusions:

  • VR nature therapies demonstrate significant potential for improving mood and treating mood disorders.
  • Physical posture in VR sessions is crucial for optimizing embodiment and therapeutic outcomes.
  • Even basic 360-degree VR implementations can offer therapeutic benefits, especially for urban populations with limited access to nature.