Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...

Introduction to Plant Diversity

Introduction to Plant Diversity

From Water to Land

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the biosynthesis of the...

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism

Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Hyperspectral differentiation of three grapevine yellows diseases and symptomatically similar stresses.

Frontiers in plant science·2026

Same author

Rapidly evolving aphid gall effector proteins exhibit saposin-like folds.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Plant-Induced Transcriptional Plasticity Diverges Between Generalist and Specialist Herbivores.

Molecular ecology·2026

Same author

Phytoplasmas: An Introduction.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same author

Triplex qPCR for Grapevine Yellows Phytoplasmas Combined with a Universal Endogenous Control.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same author

The Use of Spiroplasma melliferum as a Model Organism to Study Potential Antimicrobials Against Phytoplasma.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Advances in Understanding Phytoplasma Interactions with Plants and Insects.

Anna Pedroncelli¹, Yeshveer Singh², Saskia A Hogenhout²

¹1Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Laimburg Research Centre, Italy;

Annual Review of Phytopathology

|May 11, 2026

Summary

Phytoplasmas reprogram plant development and immunity by targeting key cellular processes. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing effective disease control strategies against these devastating plant pathogens.

More Related Videos

Combining Clearing and Fluorescence Microscopy for Visualising Changes in Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae

Combining Clearing and Fluorescence Microscopy for Visualising Changes in Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae

Published on: August 5, 2022

Agroinfiltration and PVX Agroinfection in Potato and Nicotiana benthamiana

Agroinfiltration and PVX Agroinfection in Potato and Nicotiana benthamiana

Published on: January 3, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Combining Clearing and Fluorescence Microscopy for Visualising Changes in Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae

Combining Clearing and Fluorescence Microscopy for Visualising Changes in Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae

Published on: August 5, 2022

Agroinfiltration and PVX Agroinfection in Potato and Nicotiana benthamiana

Agroinfiltration and PVX Agroinfection in Potato and Nicotiana benthamiana

Published on: January 3, 2014

Area of Science:

Plant Pathology
Molecular Biology
Insect-Microbe Interactions

Background:

Phytoplasmas are obligate intracellular pathogens causing significant global crop losses.
These pathogens disrupt plant development, immunity, and insect vector behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in understanding phytoplasma molecular mechanisms.
To explore interactions between phytoplasmas, plants, insects, and environmental factors.
To discuss novel biocontrol strategies and future research directions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent research on phytoplasma molecular biology and pathology.
Analysis of effector protein functions and their molecular targets.
Discussion of ecological and environmental factors influencing disease dynamics.

Main Results:

Phytoplasmas utilize diverse effector proteins to manipulate plant transcription factors and proteasome systems.
Multipartite interactions involving plants, insect vectors, and their microbiomes are critical for disease development.
Environmental changes exacerbate phytoplasma-induced crop damage.

Conclusions:

Integrated systems biology approaches are needed for sustainable phytoplasma management.
Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate crop losses caused by phytoplasmas.
Further research into effector-host interactions and vector biology will inform innovative control strategies.