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Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production in Transgenic Maize Expressing the &#945;-amylase Inhibitor from Lablab purpureus L.
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Aflatoxin Biocontrol Using Native Atoxigenic Aspergillus.

Alejandro Ortega-Beltran1, Joseph Atehnkeng2, Joao Augusto3

  • 11International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria;

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Atoxigenic biocontrol using native Aspergillus flavus fungi significantly reduces aflatoxin contamination in crops. This sustainable strategy, proven effective in multiple countries, enhances food safety from field to fork.

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RNAi-mediated Control of Aflatoxins in Peanut: Method to Analyze Mycotoxin Production and Transgene Expression in the Peanut/Aspergillus Pathosystem

Published on: December 21, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Mycology
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Aflatoxins are toxic fungal metabolites produced by Aspergillus section Flavi, contaminating crops like maize and groundnuts.
  • Contamination poses significant risks to human and animal health, food security, and international trade, especially in tropical regions.
  • While Aspergillus flavus causes most contamination, atoxigenic (non-toxin producing) strains exist within the species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline pathways for developing, testing, registering, and scaling aflatoxin bioprotectants in African countries.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of native atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates for preharvest biocontrol.
  • To emphasize the need for multisectoral enabling environments for sustainable technology adoption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing native atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates for biocontrol at the preharvest stage.
  • Adapting and registering biocontrol technology using local fungal strains in various countries.
  • Conducting farmer-led field trials and commercial usage assessments.

Main Results:

  • Atoxigenic-based biocontrol has been successfully developed and registered in the US, several African nations, Italy, Pakistan, and Serbia.
  • Native, competitive atoxigenic isolates are preferred for efficacy, acceptance, and regulatory ease.
  • Treated crops consistently show over 80% reduction in aflatoxin levels compared to untreated crops.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated management strategies, particularly preharvest biocontrol with native atoxigenic fungi, are effective in reducing aflatoxin contamination.
  • Sustainable scaling of these bioprotectants requires supportive, multisectoral enabling environments.
  • Successful implementation can significantly improve food safety in affected regions.