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Ball milling-MnO2 enables viable straw blanket production via lignin depolymerization.

Yarong Yang1, Zihan Luo1, Dingyi Liu1

  • 1School of Life Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

Bioresource Technology
|May 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a scalable method using ball-milled manganese dioxide (bm-MnO2) to efficiently break down lignin in straw fibers. This process enhances straw blanket properties and offers significant economic and environmental benefits.

Keywords:
DepolymerizationLigninMnO(2)Oxygen vacancyStraw

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry
  • Biomass Conversion

Background:

  • Efficient lignin cleavage is essential for utilizing straw fiber's mechanical properties.
  • Current methods often lack industrial scalability or rely on harsh conditions.
  • Valorizing agricultural waste like straw remains a key challenge in sustainable material development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an industrially scalable strategy for mild lignin depolymerization.
  • To integrate this process into the production of functional straw blankets.
  • To assess the economic viability and environmental impact of the proposed method.

Main Methods:

  • Optimization of ball-milled manganese dioxide (bm-MnO2) for lignin decomposition.
  • Characterization of lignin depolymerization using techniques like molecular weight reduction and linkage cleavage analysis.
  • Fabrication and mechanical testing of straw blankets from processed fibers.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate the oxidation mechanism.
  • Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA).

Main Results:

  • Optimized bm-MnO2 achieved 91% lignin decomposition at mild conditions (35°C).
  • Lignin molecular weight was reduced by 65.02%, with cleavage of β-O-4/β-1 linkages.
  • Straw blankets exhibited enhanced mechanical properties (tensile strength 18.6 MPa, elongation at break 11.5%).
  • The process demonstrated a significant return on investment ($476 profit per $1 invested in MnO2) and a nearly 90% lower environmental impact compared to commercial straw particleboard.
  • Partial lignin depolymerization accelerated biodegradation.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated approach of mild lignin depolymerization using bm-MnO2 and straw blanket production is industrially viable.
  • This method effectively converts waste straw into high-value products with improved performance.
  • The strategy offers substantial economic advantages and significantly reduces environmental impact, promoting sustainable agricultural and ecological applications.