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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Histology of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract01:20

Histology of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract

The GI tract, from beginning to end, is made up of four continuous tissue layers that adjust their structure according to their specific roles. These layers, from innermost to outermost, are known as the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa, which are continuous with the mesentery.
The mucosa is sometimes called a mucous membrane due to its mucus-secreting features. This membrane is composed of epithelium, which directly interacts with ingested substances, and the lamina propria, a layer...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model
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Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model

Published on: February 14, 2021

Pattern-based histologic approach in colitis with chronic architectural damage: GIPAD recommendations.

Luca Reggiani Bonetti1, Giovanni Arpa2, Alessandro Caputo3

  • 1Department of Diagnostic, Clinic and Public Health Medicine. Pathological Anatomy Unit. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
|May 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new pattern-based histologic approach improves diagnosis of chronic colitis by analyzing architectural damage. This method enhances clarity and supports better patient management by reducing nonspecific diagnoses.

Keywords:
Apoptotic colitisCrohn’s diseaseEosinophilic colitisInflammatory bowel diseaseIschemic colitisUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Digestive Diseases

Background:

  • Histologic evaluation of colonic biopsies for chronic diarrhea or colitis often lacks complete clinical data.
  • Overlapping morphologic features can lead to nonspecific diagnoses like "chronic colitis," impacting patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a structured, pattern-based histologic approach for interpreting and reporting adult colitis with chronic architectural damage.
  • To improve diagnostic clarity and clinicopathologic communication.

Main Methods:

  • The Italian Group of Digestive Disease Pathology (GIPAD) developed a pattern-based approach.
  • This involved multidisciplinary discussion and literature review.
  • Distinct histologic patterns were identified and correlated with differential diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • The approach describes major patterns of colitis with chronic architectural damage.
  • Key morphologic features and differential diagnoses (IBD, drug injury, ischemia, infection, diversion colitis, immune disorders) are discussed for each pattern.
  • This framework aids in narrowing differential diagnoses and avoiding nonspecific terminology.

Conclusions:

  • A pattern-based histologic approach offers a practical framework for reporting colitis with chronic architectural damage.
  • This strategy supports clinical decision-making by enhancing diagnostic specificity.
  • It preserves integrated clinicopathologic diagnosis when sufficient information is available.