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Updated: May 13, 2026

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Digitally Coded, Screen-Printed Flexible Metasurfaces for Tunable Electromagnetic Responses.

Faustino Reyes Gómez1, Elsa M Materón1, Miguel J A Ribeiro1

  • 1National Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel), Santa Rita do Sapucaí, MG 37540-000, Brazil.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a low-cost method to create programmable metasurfaces using screen printing on flexible substrates. This technique enables digital control over electromagnetic waves for advanced wireless communication systems.

Keywords:
digitally coded metasurfacesmetasurfacespolarization-selective filteringscreen-printingwireless communications

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electromagnetics
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Metasurfaces offer advanced control over electromagnetic waves.
  • Existing fabrication methods can be complex and costly.
  • Need for flexible, programmable metasurfaces for emerging applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a low-cost, scalable fabrication strategy for programmable metasurfaces.
  • To demonstrate binary spatial material coding on flexible substrates.
  • To validate the electromagnetic performance and suitability for wireless communications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized screen printing with metal ink on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates.
  • Employed CO2 laser cutter and photo paper for custom stencil mask fabrication.
  • Characterized metasurface performance using experimental and numerical methods, including 64-QAM signal modulation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated programmable metasurfaces with distinct electromagnetic functionalities (polarization-sensitive, frequency-selective).
  • Demonstrated excellent agreement between experimental and numerical results for both TE and TM polarizations.
  • Confirmed polarization selectivity with significant EVM differences for TE vs. TM polarization at 8.5 GHz.
  • Showcased robustness of electromagnetic response under mechanical bending.

Conclusions:

  • The developed screen-printing method is a low-cost, scalable approach for fabricating digitally programmable metasurfaces.
  • The flexible, robust metasurfaces are suitable for nonplanar applications and wireless communication systems.
  • This methodology provides a versatile platform for real-world electromagnetic wave manipulation.