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Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies
Mohammed M H Albariqi1,2, Ibrahim A Alradwan3, Saad M Alqahtani2
1Applied Genomics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) involves nerve damage from diabetes, driven by high blood sugar and other factors. Emerging therapies show promise for altering disease progression, though more clinical evidence is needed.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting both type 1 and type 2 DM.
- DPN presents with sensory loss, pain, and progressive nerve dysfunction, significantly impacting quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifactorial mechanisms driving DPN in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
- To highlight promising therapeutic innovations for DPN poised for clinical translation.
Main Methods:
- Review of mechanistic, animal, and human studies on DPN pathogenesis.
- Analysis of emerging therapeutic strategies including antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and regenerative approaches.
Main Results:
- Chronic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, microvascular insufficiency, and amyloidogenic toxicity (hIAPP) contribute to DPN.
- Current treatments are largely symptomatic; emerging therapies show potential but require more robust clinical validation.
Conclusions:
- Understanding DPN mechanisms is advancing, with novel therapeutic candidates identified.
- Further research and clinical trials are crucial to validate the efficacy of new DPN treatments.
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