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Lower Limb Vein Reflux Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Ghana
J Amoako1, F van der Woude2, S Mensah3
1University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana; Department of Surgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana; International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Annals of Vascular Surgery
|May 12, 2026
Summary
Peripheral venous disease is common in Ghana, with the great saphenous vein frequently affected. A significant portion of patients present with advanced chronic venous disease, highlighting the need for improved vascular services.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Peripheral venous disease poses a global health challenge.
- Limited data exists on its prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa.
- This study addresses the knowledge gap in Ghana.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and patterns of chronic venous disease in Ghana.
- To identify clinical correlates and reflux patterns.
- To inform the development of vascular surgery services.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (May 2021 - Oct 2024).
- Recruitment of patients with suspected lower limb venous disease.
- Venous duplex scans to assess reflux, vein diameter, and clinical severity (C0-C6).
Main Results:
- 215 limbs from 147 patients analyzed; mean age 52.6 years.
- Great saphenous vein (GSV) insufficiency most common (49.8%), bilateral in 34.7%.
- 23.3% of limbs presented with advanced disease (C3-C6).
Conclusions:
- Chronic venous disease, particularly affecting the GSV, represents a substantial burden in Ghana.
- A significant proportion of patients exhibit late-stage disease.
- Development of structured vascular surgery services is crucial.
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