Structural basis and pathological function of TRIM71: An analysis based on the TRIM-NHL subfamily

TRIM-NHL proteins, a subfamily of Tripartite Motif (TRIM) family proteins, are characterized by the presence of NHL structures in their C-terminal domains. In humans, this subfamily mainly includes TRIM2, TRIM3, TRIM32, TRIM71, and the recently discovered TRIM56 protein. The C-terminal domains of these five proteins exhibit varying degrees of difference. Increasing evidence indicates that TRIM proteins are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes related to life and health, and TRIM71 is no exception. In this article, we introduce the functional and structural characteristics of TRIM family proteins. We mainly discuss the known functions and related specific structures of the TRIM71 protein in the TRIM-NHL subfamily, as well as the exploration of its druggability. We also summarize and organize its physiological functions and biological processes in disease regulation.