Diagnostic potential of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in scrotal pathology

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an advanced technique that stands out for its ability to assess macrovascularisation and organ and tumour perfusion in situations where Doppler mode has limitations, such as small lesions, slow flow, or artifacts. These features make it a highly valuable tool for the accurate diagnosis of scrotal pathologies, especially in cases where determining the need for surgical intervention is critical. Additionally, CEUS is a safe and well-tolerated technique, applicable to virtually all patients, including the paediatric population. Its applications include managing testicular torsion, trauma, segmental infarctions, and focal lesions, as well as characterising tumours and evaluating complications such as abscesses and haematomas. This review aims to provide a guide on the use of CEUS in scrotal pathology, highlighting its clinical indications and advantages over conventional ultrasound.