A novel bioinspired integrated system for simultaneous fog harvesting and energy supply

The escalating threats posed by global warming are intensifying freshwater and energy scarcity, driving the demand for integrated systems that harvest fog and supply power. However, existing systems are challenged because high-efficiency fog harvesters lack energy supply, whereas droplet-based generators have low water yield. Herein, we present a novel bioinspired integrated system that combines synergistic biomimetic dendritic structured surface with a droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerator for simultaneously harvest water and generate energy. Specifically, the synergistic biomimetic dendritic structured surface combines Laplace force, capillary force, and surface wetting gradient, enabling barrier-free droplet transport and highly efficient fog harvesting. Moreover, the optimized MXene-PDMS with Superhydrophobicity prevents water retention and deposit shielding on the triboelectric layer, enlarging the electrostatic area and enhancing charge output. Remarkably, the optimized SBDSS achieves a 9.7 g·cm^-2·h^-1 fog harvesting rate, representing 125% and 430% of unprocessed and non-UV-irradiated surfaces, respectively. The integrated D-TENG provides a new approach for efficient harvesting energy from fog droplets in practical environments, with enhanced durability and stability. Intriguingly, the novel bioinspired integrated system supports the growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare), providing freshwater and LED lighting for plant growth. This system offers a viable solution to address water and energy challenges in agricultural systems.