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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

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Related Experiment Videos

Renal Risk Medication Quick Guide to Aid Pharmacist-Led Medication Review in Frail Hospitalized Geriatric Patients: A

Joo Hanne Poulsen Revell1,2,3, Anne Byriel Walls4,5, Trine Rune Høgh Andersen6

  • 1The Hospital Pharmacy Research Unit, University Hospital Sønderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The renal risk medication quick guide (RRMQG) proved useful for clinical pharmacists in Danish hospitals, aiding in identifying drug-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Implementation was manageable, though guide enhancements are suggested.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseasedrug-related problemsexploratory studyimpaired renal functionpharmacist-led medication reviewsrenal risk medicationsrisk assessment quick guide

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) impacts 800 million globally, presenting significant prescribing challenges.
  • Safer medication practices are crucial for managing patients with renal impairment.
  • A renal risk medication quick guide (RRMQG) was developed to address these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the usefulness and implementability of the RRMQG in Danish hospital settings.
  • To assess the RRMQG's utility in medication reviews for frail, geriatric patients with renal impairment.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter pilot study involving 28 clinical pharmacists across six Danish hospitals.
  • The RRMQG was applied during medication reviews of 182 patients from May to October 2023.
  • Pharmacist usability was assessed via structured surveys.

Main Results:

  • 378 renal risk medications (RRMs) were identified among 182 patients, with 14% linked to potential drug-related problems (DRPs).
  • RRMs involved 35 of the 50 medications in the RRMQG, with patients averaging two RRMs each.
  • Most pharmacists deemed the RRMQG manageable for practical implementation.

Conclusions:

  • The RRMQG demonstrated usefulness and manageability for implementation in Danish hospitals, offering valuable medication-specific recommendations.
  • Potential improvements include adding opioids and other context-relevant medications to enhance individual patient care.