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Targeting AMPK Networks for Male Reproductive Health: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies
Md Ataur Rahman1, Abdel Halim Harrath2, Maroua Jalouli3
1Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is crucial for male reproductive health, regulating sperm production and function. Targeting AMPK offers a promising therapeutic strategy for male infertility linked to metabolic issues.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Metabolic Regulation
- Molecular Endocrinology
Background:
- Male infertility is a growing global concern, often linked to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
- AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is identified as a key regulator connecting energy balance with male reproductive functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of AMPK in male reproductive physiology and pathophysiology.
- To evaluate AMPK-targeting strategies for treating male infertility.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific evidence on AMPK signaling in male reproduction.
- Analysis of molecular pathways regulated by AMPK, including mTOR, SIRT1, PGC-1α, and FOXO.
- Assessment of therapeutic interventions targeting AMPK.
Main Results:
- AMPK regulates spermatogenesis, Sertoli cell metabolism, Leydig cell steroidogenesis, and sperm functions (motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction).
- AMPK dysregulation under stress impairs sperm production, quality, mitochondrial function, and testosterone synthesis.
- Pharmacological agents (metformin, AICAR), lifestyle changes, and natural compounds show potential in improving reproductive outcomes by targeting AMPK.
Conclusions:
- Targeting AMPK signaling presents a novel therapeutic avenue for male infertility.
- Combinatorial approaches and precision medicine strategies are future directions for AMPK-based fertility treatments.
- Addressing metabolic health through AMPK modulation is essential for enhancing male reproductive health.
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