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A Comprehensive Approach to Analyze the Cell Components of Cerebral Blood Clots
Published on: July 21, 2023
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Pathophysiologic Insights, Clinical Evaluation Tools, and Novel Therapeutic Strategies
Min Li1, Qiqi Cui1, Xiaogang Gao2
1Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
Abstract:
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but potentially life-threatening subtype of stroke, characterized by thrombus formation within the dural venous sinuses and cerebral veins. Recent advances have deepened our understanding of CVT pathophysiology, highlighting a multifactorial process that encompasses thrombus initiation, subsequent thrombus propagation, venous hypertension with blood-brain barrier disruption, and secondary parenchymal brain injury. Comprehensive clinical assessment, including diagnosis and differential diagnosis, disease severity scores, imaging-based metrics, and prognostic scoring systems, enables accurate evaluation and risk stratification. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including direct oral anticoagulants, corticosteroids for selected patients, natural-origin agents, immunomodulatory therapy, endovascular treatment, optic nerve sheath fenestration, and neuromodulation, provide novel and alternative options for the management of CVT. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CVT pathophysiology, clinical assessment tools, and novel therapeutic strategies to guide clinical decision-making and inform future research.
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